In this dissertation, entitled “The Geography of Colours”, we will attempt to answer different questions, such as: to what extent geography influences colour in architecture? How do climate, reliefs, the brightness of the sun or the aridity of the earth play a role in the choice of colours when buildings are constructed? To do this, we looked at the role of colour in cultures and civilisations. We have attempted to understand the extent to which colours contribute to the identity of countries and therefore how the use of colour in architecture has evolved over the centuries in response to different architectural movements.